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Hervey Milton Cleckley (1903 – January 28, 1984) was an American psychiatrist and pioneer in the field of psychopathy. His book, ''The Mask of Sanity,'' originally published in 1941 and revised in new editions until the 1980s, provided the most influential clinical description of psychopathy in the twentieth century. The term "mask of sanity" derived from Cleckley's belief that a psychopath can appear normal and even engaging, but that the "mask" conceals a mental disorder.〔 〕 By the time of his death, Cleckley was better remembered for a vivid case study of a female patient, published as a book in 1956 and turned into a movie ''The Three Faces of Eve'' in 1957. His report of the case (re)popularized in America the controversial diagnosis, multiple personality disorder. The concept of psychopathy continues to be influential through forming parts of the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder, the Psychopathy Checklist, and public perception. Film maker Errol Morris, who tried unsuccessfully to interview Cleckley, said in 2012/13: "He’s one of the unsung 20th century figures. He created two of the enduring myths – I would call them – of the 20th century...These ideas don’t originate with Cleckley, but Cleckley popularized them, he built them up, he sold them – almost as a brand."〔(Errol Morris and The Mask of Fatality: An Interview by Julie Cline ) February 17th, 2013 Los Angeles Review of Books〕〔(Errol Morris v. Janet Malcolm. The documentary filmmaker takes on the Jeffrey MacDonald murder case. ) By Emily Bazelon. Slate magazine. Posted Thursday, Sept. 13, 2012〕 ==Life and career== Cleckley was born in Augusta, Georgia, in the Southeastern United States.〔(Hervey Cleckley and Corbett Thigpen ) The Augusta Chronicle, 01/01/2000〕 His parents were Dr. William Cleckley and Cora Cleckley. His younger sister, Connor Cleckley, was schooled for some time in England (e.g. Headington School, Oxford) and would later marry and be widowed by Aquilla J. Dyess, the only person ever to be granted America's highest awards for both civilian and military heroism (the Carnegie medal and, posthumously after World War II, the Medal of Honor).〔(Featured obituary: Mrs. Connor Cleckley Goodrich ) By Albert Ross Jr.| Staff Writer. Augusta Chronicle, May 2002.〕 Cleckley graduated from the Academy of Richmond County high school in 1921, then graduated in 1924 summa cum laude with a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Georgia (UGA) in Athens, where he was a member of the varsity football and track and field teams. Cleckley won a Rhodes Scholarship to study at Oxford University, England, graduating in 1926 with a Bachelor of Arts. Cleckley then earned his M.D. from the University of Georgia Medical School (now known as the Medical College of Georgia) in Augusta in 1929. After several years of psychiatric practice in the Veterans Administration, he became professor of psychiatry and neurology at the Medical College of Georgia and in 1937 the Chief of psychiatry and neurology at University Hospital in Augusta. In 1955, Cleckley was appointed clinical professor of psychiatry and neurology at the medical college and became founding chairman of the Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior. He served as psychiatric consultant to the Veterans Administration Hospital in Augusta and to the US Army Hospital at Camp Gordon. He was a member of the Forensic Committee of the Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry and Fellow of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology and the Society for Biological Psychiatry. He also worked in the private practice of psychiatry along with Corbett Thigpen and later also Benjamin Moss, Jere Chambers and Seaborn McGarity.〔(Obituary: Benjamin F. Moss ) Augusta Chronicle, June 12, 2011〕 His first wife was Louise Martin Cleckley; after her death he married Emily Sheftall Cleckley.〔(Between the Covers Rare Books, Inc. )〕〔(Georgia Regents University | Historical Collections and Archives, Robert B. Greenblatt, MD Library | Hervey M. Cleckley Collection ), July 2014〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hervey M. Cleckley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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